History of metallurgy

Around 6-5 millennia BC, man first used metals. They were native gold, platinum, copper, silver and iron from meteorites. Mankind went from stone age to bronze age, and then to the bronze. Millennium BC in February man learns to remove iron from ore, that over several centuries and to print, by alloying with carbon, the default properties. In the 15-12 centuries BC, iron becomes the main material used by people – the Iron Age begins. In XIV century when the first blast furnaces in which iron is obtained. After developing procedures Bessemer, Thomas and Martin (nineteenth century), the home production of steel widely used as one method of melting the iron with mild steel. In the twentieth century electric ovens are built to develop steels and special alloys. In addition to iron and alloy’s, began to be used and other metals like copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, called nonferrous. The development of pyro-metallurgical processes apply metals, characterized by high temperatures of processes, and hydrometallurgical, including hydro-electro-metallurgy, which are obtained using solutions of salts of various metals, and of these metals are extracted from chemical or electrochemical methods. To manufacture some parts of metals and alloys, especially those hard and tough protections, synthesis method is used in special shapes of metal dust.